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Commit c9869162 authored by Tinderbox User's avatar Tinderbox User
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bin/dig/nslookup.1
View file @ c9869162
......@@ -216,6 +216,11 @@ Tell the name server to query other servers if it does not have the information.
(Default = recurse; abbreviation = [no]rec)
.RE
.PP
\fBndots=\fR\fInumber\fR
.RS 4
Set the number of dots (label separators) in a domain that will disable searching. Absolute names always stop searching.
.RE
.PP
\fBretry=\fR\fInumber\fR
.RS 4
Set the number of retries to number.
......
bin/dig/nslookup.html
View file @ c9869162
......@@ -249,6 +249,12 @@ nslookup -query=hinfo -timeout=10
(Default = recurse; abbreviation = [no]rec)
</p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="constant">ndots=</code><em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Set the number of dots (label separators) in a domain
that will disable searching. Absolute names always
stop searching.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="constant">retry=</code><em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Set the number of retries to number.
......@@ -288,19 +294,19 @@ nslookup -query=hinfo -timeout=10
</dl></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
<a name="id2546286"></a><h2>FILES</h2>
<a name="id2546302"></a><h2>FILES</h2>
<p><code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code>
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
<a name="id2546298"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
<a name="id2546314"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
<p><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">dig</span>(1)</span>,
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">host</span>(1)</span>,
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">named</span>(8)</span>.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
<a name="id2546332"></a><h2>Author</h2>
<a name="id2546348"></a><h2>Author</h2>
<p>
Andrew Cherenson
</p>
......
doc/arm/Bv9ARM.ch04.html
View file @ c9869162
......@@ -70,38 +70,38 @@
</dl></dd>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#dnssec.dynamic.zones">DNSSEC, Dynamic Zones, and Automatic Signing</a></span></dt>
<dd><dl>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2610066">Converting from insecure to secure</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2610103">Dynamic DNS update method</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2563513">Fully automatic zone signing</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2563685">Private-type records</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2563722">DNSKEY rollovers</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2563735">Dynamic DNS update method</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2563768">Automatic key rollovers</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2563795">NSEC3PARAM rollovers via UPDATE</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2563804">Converting from NSEC to NSEC3</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2563814">Converting from NSEC3 to NSEC</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2563895">Converting from secure to insecure</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2563932">Periodic re-signing</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2563942">NSEC3 and OPTOUT</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2610072">Converting from insecure to secure</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2563483">Dynamic DNS update method</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2563520">Fully automatic zone signing</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2563691">Private-type records</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2563729">DNSKEY rollovers</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2563741">Dynamic DNS update method</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2563774">Automatic key rollovers</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2563801">NSEC3PARAM rollovers via UPDATE</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2563811">Converting from NSEC to NSEC3</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2563820">Converting from NSEC3 to NSEC</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2563901">Converting from secure to insecure</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2563939">Periodic re-signing</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2563948">NSEC3 and OPTOUT</a></span></dt>
</dl></dd>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#rfc5011.support">Dynamic Trust Anchor Management</a></span></dt>
<dd><dl>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2571826">Validating Resolver</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2571848">Authoritative Server</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2609584">Validating Resolver</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2609606">Authoritative Server</a></span></dt>
</dl></dd>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#pkcs11">PKCS #11 (Cryptoki) support</a></span></dt>
<dd><dl>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2609498">Prerequisites</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2610615">Building BIND 9 with PKCS#11</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2612856">PKCS #11 Tools</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2612887">Using the HSM</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2637457">Specifying the engine on the command line</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2637502">Running named with automatic zone re-signing</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2612850">Prerequisites</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2610553">Building BIND 9 with PKCS#11</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2610746">PKCS #11 Tools</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2610777">Using the HSM</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2637395">Specifying the engine on the command line</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2637441">Running named with automatic zone re-signing</a></span></dt>
</dl></dd>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#dlz-info">DLZ (Dynamically Loadable Zones)</a></span></dt>
<dd><dl>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2571732">Configuring DLZ</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2609562">Sample DLZ Driver</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2609632">Configuring DLZ</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2609773">Sample DLZ Driver</a></span></dt>
</dl></dd>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2563978">IPv6 Support in <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> 9</a></span></dt>
<dd><dl>
......@@ -1070,7 +1070,7 @@ options {
from insecure to signed and back again. A secure zone can use
either NSEC or NSEC3 chains.</p>
<div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
<a name="id2610066"></a>Converting from insecure to secure</h3></div></div></div></div>
<a name="id2610072"></a>Converting from insecure to secure</h3></div></div></div></div>
<p>Changing a zone from insecure to secure can be done in two
ways: using a dynamic DNS update, or the
<span><strong class="command">auto-dnssec</strong></span> zone option.</p>
......@@ -1096,7 +1096,7 @@ options {
well. An NSEC chain will be generated as part of the initial
signing process.</p>
<div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
<a name="id2610103"></a>Dynamic DNS update method</h3></div></div></div></div>
<a name="id2563483"></a>Dynamic DNS update method</h3></div></div></div></div>
<p>To insert the keys via dynamic update:</p>
<pre class="screen">
% nsupdate
......@@ -1132,7 +1132,7 @@ options {
<p>While the initial signing and NSEC/NSEC3 chain generation
is happening, other updates are possible as well.</p>
<div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
<a name="id2563513"></a>Fully automatic zone signing</h3></div></div></div></div>
<a name="id2563520"></a>Fully automatic zone signing</h3></div></div></div></div>
<p>To enable automatic signing, add the
<span><strong class="command">auto-dnssec</strong></span> option to the zone statement in
<code class="filename">named.conf</code>.
......@@ -1188,7 +1188,7 @@ options {
configuration. If this has not been done, the configuration will
fail.</p>
<div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
<a name="id2563685"></a>Private-type records</h3></div></div></div></div>
<a name="id2563691"></a>Private-type records</h3></div></div></div></div>
<p>The state of the signing process is signaled by
private-type records (with a default type value of 65534). When
signing is complete, these records will have a nonzero value for
......@@ -1229,12 +1229,12 @@ options {
<p>
</p>
<div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
<a name="id2563722"></a>DNSKEY rollovers</h3></div></div></div></div>
<a name="id2563729"></a>DNSKEY rollovers</h3></div></div></div></div>
<p>As with insecure-to-secure conversions, rolling DNSSEC
keys can be done in two ways: using a dynamic DNS update, or the
<span><strong class="command">auto-dnssec</strong></span> zone option.</p>
<div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
<a name="id2563735"></a>Dynamic DNS update method</h3></div></div></div></div>
<a name="id2563741"></a>Dynamic DNS update method</h3></div></div></div></div>
<p> To perform key rollovers via dynamic update, you need to add
the <code class="filename">K*</code> files for the new keys so that
<span><strong class="command">named</strong></span> can find them. You can then add the new
......@@ -1256,7 +1256,7 @@ options {
<span><strong class="command">named</strong></span> will clean out any signatures generated
by the old key after the update completes.</p>
<div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
<a name="id2563768"></a>Automatic key rollovers</h3></div></div></div></div>
<a name="id2563774"></a>Automatic key rollovers</h3></div></div></div></div>
<p>When a new key reaches its activation date (as set by
<span><strong class="command">dnssec-keygen</strong></span> or <span><strong class="command">dnssec-settime</strong></span>),
if the <span><strong class="command">auto-dnssec</strong></span> zone option is set to
......@@ -1271,27 +1271,27 @@ options {
completes in 30 days, after which it will be safe to remove the
old key from the DNSKEY RRset.</p>
<div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
<a name="id2563795"></a>NSEC3PARAM rollovers via UPDATE</h3></div></div></div></div>
<a name="id2563801"></a>NSEC3PARAM rollovers via UPDATE</h3></div></div></div></div>
<p>Add the new NSEC3PARAM record via dynamic update. When the
new NSEC3 chain has been generated, the NSEC3PARAM flag field
will be zero. At this point you can remove the old NSEC3PARAM
record. The old chain will be removed after the update request
completes.</p>
<div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
<a name="id2563804"></a>Converting from NSEC to NSEC3</h3></div></div></div></div>
<a name="id2563811"></a>Converting from NSEC to NSEC3</h3></div></div></div></div>
<p>To do this, you just need to add an NSEC3PARAM record. When
the conversion is complete, the NSEC chain will have been removed
and the NSEC3PARAM record will have a zero flag field. The NSEC3
chain will be generated before the NSEC chain is
destroyed.</p>
<div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
<a name="id2563814"></a>Converting from NSEC3 to NSEC</h3></div></div></div></div>
<a name="id2563820"></a>Converting from NSEC3 to NSEC</h3></div></div></div></div>
<p>To do this, use <span><strong class="command">nsupdate</strong></span> to
remove all NSEC3PARAM records with a zero flag
field. The NSEC chain will be generated before the NSEC3 chain is
removed.</p>
<div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
<a name="id2563895"></a>Converting from secure to insecure</h3></div></div></div></div>
<a name="id2563901"></a>Converting from secure to insecure</h3></div></div></div></div>
<p>To convert a signed zone to unsigned using dynamic DNS,
delete all the DNSKEY records from the zone apex using
<span><strong class="command">nsupdate</strong></span>. All signatures, NSEC or NSEC3 chains,
......@@ -1306,14 +1306,14 @@ options {
<span><strong class="command">allow</strong></span> instead (or it will re-sign).
</p>
<div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
<a name="id2563932"></a>Periodic re-signing</h3></div></div></div></div>
<a name="id2563939"></a>Periodic re-signing</h3></div></div></div></div>
<p>In any secure zone which supports dynamic updates, named
will periodically re-sign RRsets which have not been re-signed as
a result of some update action. The signature lifetimes will be
adjusted so as to spread the re-sign load over time rather than
all at once.</p>
<div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
<a name="id2563942"></a>NSEC3 and OPTOUT</h3></div></div></div></div>
<a name="id2563948"></a>NSEC3 and OPTOUT</h3></div></div></div></div>
<p>
<span><strong class="command">named</strong></span> only supports creating new NSEC3 chains
where all the NSEC3 records in the zone have the same OPTOUT
......@@ -1335,7 +1335,7 @@ options {
configuration files.</p>
<div class="sect2" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
<a name="id2571826"></a>Validating Resolver</h3></div></div></div>
<a name="id2609584"></a>Validating Resolver</h3></div></div></div>
<p>To configure a validating resolver to use RFC 5011 to
maintain a trust anchor, configure the trust anchor using a
<span><strong class="command">managed-keys</strong></span> statement. Information about
......@@ -1346,7 +1346,7 @@ options {
</div>
<div class="sect2" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
<a name="id2571848"></a>Authoritative Server</h3></div></div></div>
<a name="id2609606"></a>Authoritative Server</h3></div></div></div>
<p>To set up an authoritative zone for RFC 5011 trust anchor
maintenance, generate two (or more) key signing keys (KSKs) for
the zone. Sign the zone with one of them; this is the "active"
......@@ -1420,7 +1420,7 @@ $ <strong class="userinput"><code>dnssec-signzone -S -K keys example.net</code><
Debian Linux, Solaris x86 and Windows Server 2003.</p>
<div class="sect2" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
<a name="id2609498"></a>Prerequisites</h3></div></div></div>
<a name="id2612850"></a>Prerequisites</h3></div></div></div>
<p>See the HSM vendor documentation for information about
installing, initializing, testing and troubleshooting the
HSM.</p>
......@@ -1498,7 +1498,7 @@ $ <strong class="userinput"><code>patch -p1 -d openssl-0.9.8s \
when we configure BIND 9.</p>
<div class="sect3" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
<a name="id2610345"></a>Building OpenSSL for the AEP Keyper on Linux</h4></div></div></div>
<a name="id2571917"></a>Building OpenSSL for the AEP Keyper on Linux</h4></div></div></div>
<p>The AEP Keyper is a highly secure key storage device,
but does not provide hardware cryptographic acceleration. It
can carry out cryptographic operations, but it is probably
......@@ -1530,7 +1530,7 @@ $ <strong class="userinput"><code>./Configure linux-generic32 -m32 -pthread \
</div>
<div class="sect3" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
<a name="id2610414"></a>Building OpenSSL for the SCA 6000 on Solaris</h4></div></div></div>
<a name="id2610284"></a>Building OpenSSL for the SCA 6000 on Solaris</h4></div></div></div>
<p>The SCA-6000 PKCS #11 provider is installed as a system
library, libpkcs11. It is a true crypto accelerator, up to 4
times faster than any CPU, so the flavor shall be
......@@ -1552,7 +1552,7 @@ $ <strong class="userinput"><code>./Configure solaris64-x86_64-cc \
</div>
<div class="sect3" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
<a name="id2610464"></a>Building OpenSSL for SoftHSM</h4></div></div></div>
<a name="id2610333"></a>Building OpenSSL for SoftHSM</h4></div></div></div>
<p>SoftHSM is a software library provided by the OpenDNSSEC
project (http://www.opendnssec.org) which provides a PKCS#11
interface to a virtual HSM, implemented in the form of encrypted
......@@ -1612,12 +1612,12 @@ $ <strong class="userinput"><code>./Configure linux-x86_64 -pthread \
</div>
<div class="sect2" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
<a name="id2610615"></a>Building BIND 9 with PKCS#11</h3></div></div></div>
<a name="id2610553"></a>Building BIND 9 with PKCS#11</h3></div></div></div>
<p>When building BIND 9, the location of the custom-built
OpenSSL library must be specified via configure.</p>
<div class="sect3" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
<a name="id2610624"></a>Configuring BIND 9 for Linux with the AEP Keyper</h4></div></div></div>
<a name="id2610562"></a>Configuring BIND 9 for Linux with the AEP Keyper</h4></div></div></div>
<p>To link with the PKCS #11 provider, threads must be
enabled in the BIND 9 build.</p>
<p>The PKCS #11 library for the AEP Keyper is currently
......@@ -1633,7 +1633,7 @@ $ <strong class="userinput"><code>./configure CC="gcc -m32" --enable-threads \
</div>
<div class="sect3" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
<a name="id2610656"></a>Configuring BIND 9 for Solaris with the SCA 6000</h4></div></div></div>
<a name="id2610594"></a>Configuring BIND 9 for Solaris with the SCA 6000</h4></div></div></div>
<p>To link with the PKCS #11 provider, threads must be
enabled in the BIND 9 build.</p>
<pre class="screen">
......@@ -1651,7 +1651,7 @@ $ <strong class="userinput"><code>./configure CC="cc -xarch=amd64" --enable-thre
</div>
<div class="sect3" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
<a name="id2610692"></a>Configuring BIND 9 for SoftHSM</h4></div></div></div>
<a name="id2610630"></a>Configuring BIND 9 for SoftHSM</h4></div></div></div>
<pre class="screen">
$ <strong class="userinput"><code>cd ../bind9</code></strong>
$ <strong class="userinput"><code>./configure --enable-threads \
......@@ -1668,7 +1668,7 @@ $ <strong class="userinput"><code>./configure --enable-threads \
</div>
<div class="sect2" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
<a name="id2612856"></a>PKCS #11 Tools</h3></div></div></div>
<a name="id2610746"></a>PKCS #11 Tools</h3></div></div></div>
<p>BIND 9 includes a minimal set of tools to operate the
HSM, including
<span><strong class="command">pkcs11-keygen</strong></span> to generate a new key pair
......@@ -1686,7 +1686,7 @@ $ <strong class="userinput"><code>./configure --enable-threads \
</div>
<div class="sect2" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
<a name="id2612887"></a>Using the HSM</h3></div></div></div>
<a name="id2610777"></a>Using the HSM</h3></div></div></div>
<p>First, we must set up the runtime environment so the
OpenSSL and PKCS #11 libraries can be loaded:</p>
<pre class="screen">
......@@ -1774,7 +1774,7 @@ example.net.signed
</div>
<div class="sect2" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
<a name="id2637457"></a>Specifying the engine on the command line</h3></div></div></div>
<a name="id2637395"></a>Specifying the engine on the command line</h3></div></div></div>
<p>The OpenSSL engine can be specified in
<span><strong class="command">named</strong></span> and all of the BIND
<span><strong class="command">dnssec-*</strong></span> tools by using the "-E
......@@ -1795,7 +1795,7 @@ $ <strong class="userinput"><code>dnssec-signzone -E '' -S example.net</code></s
</div>
<div class="sect2" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
<a name="id2637502"></a>Running named with automatic zone re-signing</h3></div></div></div>
<a name="id2637441"></a>Running named with automatic zone re-signing</h3></div></div></div>
<p>If you want
<span><strong class="command">named</strong></span> to dynamically re-sign zones using HSM
keys, and/or to to sign new records inserted via nsupdate, then
......@@ -1869,7 +1869,7 @@ $ <strong class="userinput"><code>dnssec-signzone -E '' -S example.net</code></s
</p>
<div class="sect2" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
<a name="id2571732"></a>Configuring DLZ</h3></div></div></div>
<a name="id2609632"></a>Configuring DLZ</h3></div></div></div>
<p>
A DLZ database is configured with a <span><strong class="command">dlz</strong></span>
statement in <code class="filename">named.conf</code>:
......@@ -1918,7 +1918,7 @@ $ <strong class="userinput"><code>dnssec-signzone -E '' -S example.net</code></s
</div>
<div class="sect2" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
<a name="id2609562"></a>Sample DLZ Driver</h3></div></div></div>
<a name="id2609773"></a>Sample DLZ Driver</h3></div></div></div>
<p>
For guidance in implementation of DLZ modules, the directory
<code class="filename">contrib/dlz/example</code> contains a basic
......
doc/arm/Bv9ARM.ch06.html
View file @ c9869162
......@@ -78,28 +78,28 @@
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#server_statement_definition_and_usage"><span><strong class="command">server</strong></span> Statement Definition and
Usage</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#statschannels"><span><strong class="command">statistics-channels</strong></span> Statement Grammar</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2590759"><span><strong class="command">statistics-channels</strong></span> Statement Definition and
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2590834"><span><strong class="command">statistics-channels</strong></span> Statement Definition and
Usage</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#trusted-keys"><span><strong class="command">trusted-keys</strong></span> Statement Grammar</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2591110"><span><strong class="command">trusted-keys</strong></span> Statement Definition
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2591185"><span><strong class="command">trusted-keys</strong></span> Statement Definition
and Usage</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2591157"><span><strong class="command">managed-keys</strong></span> Statement Grammar</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2591232"><span><strong class="command">managed-keys</strong></span> Statement Grammar</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#managed-keys"><span><strong class="command">managed-keys</strong></span> Statement Definition
and Usage</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#view_statement_grammar"><span><strong class="command">view</strong></span> Statement Grammar</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2591667"><span><strong class="command">view</strong></span> Statement Definition and Usage</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2591673"><span><strong class="command">view</strong></span> Statement Definition and Usage</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#zone_statement_grammar"><span><strong class="command">zone</strong></span>
Statement Grammar</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2593520"><span><strong class="command">zone</strong></span> Statement Definition and Usage</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2593526"><span><strong class="command">zone</strong></span> Statement Definition and Usage</a></span></dt>
</dl></dd>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2597138">Zone File</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2597212">Zone File</a></span></dt>
<dd><dl>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#types_of_resource_records_and_when_to_use_them">Types of Resource Records and When to Use Them</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2599368">Discussion of MX Records</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2599374">Discussion of MX Records</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#Setting_TTLs">Setting TTLs</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2600052">Inverse Mapping in IPv4</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2600247">Other Zone File Directives</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2600452"><acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> Master File Extension: the <span><strong class="command">$GENERATE</strong></span> Directive</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2600058">Inverse Mapping in IPv4</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2600253">Other Zone File Directives</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2600458"><acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> Master File Extension: the <span><strong class="command">$GENERATE</strong></span> Directive</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#zonefile_format">Additional File Formats</a></span></dt>
</dl></dd>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#statistics">BIND9 Statistics</a></span></dt>
......@@ -6407,12 +6407,28 @@ example.com CNAME rpz-tcp-only.
amplification, of "slipped" responses make them unattractive
for reflection DoS attacks.
<span><strong class="command">slip</strong></span> must be between 0 and 10.
A value of 0 does not "slip";
no truncated responses are sent due to rate limiting.
A value of 0 does not "slip":
no truncated responses are sent due to rate limiting,
all responses are dropped.
A value of 1 causes every response to slip;
values between 2 and 10 cause every n'th response to slip.
Some error responses including REFUSED and SERVFAIL
cannot be replaced with truncated responses and are instead
leaked at the <span><strong class="command">slip</strong></span> rate.
</p>
<p>
(NOTE: Dropped responses from an authoritative server may
reduce the difficulty of a third party successfully forging
a response to a recursive resolver. The best security
against forged responses is for authoritative operators
to sign their zones using DNSSEC and for resolver operators
to validate the responses. When this is not an option,
operators who are more concerned with response integrity
than with flood mitigation may consider setting
<span><strong class="command">slip</strong></span> to 1, causing all rate-limited
responses to be truncated rather than dropped. This reduces
the effectiveness of rate-limiting against reflection attacks.)
</p>
<p>
When the approximate query per second rate exceeds
the <span><strong class="command">qps-scale</strong></span> value,
......@@ -6715,7 +6731,7 @@ example.com CNAME rpz-tcp-only.
</div>
<div class="sect2" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
<a name="id2590759"></a><span><strong class="command">statistics-channels</strong></span> Statement Definition and
<a name="id2590834"></a><span><strong class="command">statistics-channels</strong></span> Statement Definition and
Usage</h3></div></div></div>
<p>
The <span><strong class="command">statistics-channels</strong></span> statement
......@@ -6814,7 +6830,7 @@ example.com CNAME rpz-tcp-only.
</div>
<div class="sect2" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
<a name="id2591110"></a><span><strong class="command">trusted-keys</strong></span> Statement Definition
<a name="id2591185"></a><span><strong class="command">trusted-keys</strong></span> Statement Definition
and Usage</h3></div></div></div>
<p>
The <span><strong class="command">trusted-keys</strong></span> statement defines
......@@ -6854,7 +6870,7 @@ example.com CNAME rpz-tcp-only.
</div>
<div class="sect2" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
<a name="id2591157"></a><span><strong class="command">managed-keys</strong></span> Statement Grammar</h3></div></div></div>
<a name="id2591232"></a><span><strong class="command">managed-keys</strong></span> Statement Grammar</h3></div></div></div>
<pre class="programlisting"><span><strong class="command">managed-keys</strong></span> {
<em class="replaceable"><code>name</code></em> <code class="literal">initial-key</code> <em class="replaceable"><code>flags</code></em> <em class="replaceable"><code>protocol</code></em> <em class="replaceable"><code>algorithm</code></em> <em class="replaceable"><code>key-data</code></em> ;
[<span class="optional"> <em class="replaceable"><code>name</code></em> <code class="literal">initial-key</code> <em class="replaceable"><code>flags</code></em> <em class="replaceable"><code>protocol</code></em> <em class="replaceable"><code>algorithm</code></em> <em class="replaceable"><code>key-data</code></em> ; [<span class="optional">...</span>]</span>]
......@@ -6992,7 +7008,7 @@ example.com CNAME rpz-tcp-only.
</div>
<div class="sect2" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
<a name="id2591667"></a><span><strong class="command">view</strong></span> Statement Definition and Usage</h3></div></div></div>
<a name="id2591673"></a><span><strong class="command">view</strong></span> Statement Definition and Usage</h3></div></div></div>
<p>
The <span><strong class="command">view</strong></span> statement is a powerful
feature
......@@ -7308,10 +7324,10 @@ zone <em class="replaceable"><code>zone_name</code></em> [<span class="optional"
</div>
<div class="sect2" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
<a name="id2593520"></a><span><strong class="command">zone</strong></span> Statement Definition and Usage</h3></div></div></div>
<a name="id2593526"></a><span><strong class="command">zone</strong></span> Statement Definition and Usage</h3></div></div></div>
<div class="sect3" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
<a name="id2593527"></a>Zone Types</h4></div></div></div>
<a name="id2593533"></a>Zone Types</h4></div></div></div>
<div class="informaltable"><table border="1">
<colgroup>
<col>
......@@ -7629,7 +7645,7 @@ zone <em class="replaceable"><code>zone_name</code></em> [<span class="optional"
</div>
<div class="sect3" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
<a name="id2594340"></a>Class</h4></div></div></div>
<a name="id2594346"></a>Class</h4></div></div></div>
<p>
The zone's name may optionally be followed by a class. If
a class is not specified, class <code class="literal">IN</code> (for <code class="varname">Internet</code>),
......@@ -7651,7 +7667,7 @@ zone <em class="replaceable"><code>zone_name</code></em> [<span class="optional"
</div>
<div class="sect3" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
<a name="id2594373"></a>Zone Options</h4></div></div></div>
<a name="id2594379"></a>Zone Options</h4></div></div></div>
<div class="variablelist"><dl>
<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">allow-notify</strong></span></span></dt>
<dd><p>
......@@ -8567,7 +8583,7 @@ example.com. NS ns2.example.net.
</div>
<div class="sect1" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both">
<a name="id2597138"></a>Zone File</h2></div></div></div>
<a name="id2597212"></a>Zone File</h2></div></div></div>
<div class="sect2" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
<a name="types_of_resource_records_and_when_to_use_them"></a>Types of Resource Records and When to Use Them</h3></div></div></div>
......@@ -8580,7 +8596,7 @@ example.com. NS ns2.example.net.
</p>
<div class="sect3" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
<a name="id2597156"></a>Resource Records</h4></div></div></div>
<a name="id2597230"></a>Resource Records</h4></div></div></div>
<p>
A domain name identifies a node. Each node has a set of
resource information, which may be empty. The set of resource
......@@ -9317,7 +9333,7 @@ example.com. NS ns2.example.net.
</div>
<div class="sect3" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
<a name="id2598848"></a>Textual expression of RRs</h4></div></div></div>
<a name="id2598854"></a>Textual expression of RRs</h4></div></div></div>
<p>
RRs are represented in binary form in the packets of the DNS
protocol, and are usually represented in highly encoded form
......@@ -9520,7 +9536,7 @@ example.com. NS ns2.example.net.
</div>
<div class="sect2" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
<a name="id2599368"></a>Discussion of MX Records</h3></div></div></div>
<a name="id2599374"></a>Discussion of MX Records</h3></div></div></div>
<p>
As described above, domain servers store information as a
series of resource records, each of which contains a particular
......@@ -9776,7 +9792,7 @@ example.com. NS ns2.example.net.
</div>
<div class="sect2" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
<a name="id2600052"></a>Inverse Mapping in IPv4</h3></div></div></div>
<a name="id2600058"></a>Inverse Mapping in IPv4</h3></div></div></div>
<p>
Reverse name resolution (that is, translation from IP address
to name) is achieved by means of the <span class="emphasis"><em>in-addr.arpa</em></span> domain
......@@ -9837,7 +9853,7 @@ example.com. NS ns2.example.net.
</div>
<div class="sect2" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
<a name="id2600247"></a>Other Zone File Directives</h3></div></div></div>
<a name="id2600253"></a>Other Zone File Directives</h3></div></div></div>
<p>
The Master File Format was initially defined in RFC 1035 and
has subsequently been extended. While the Master File Format
......@@ -9852,7 +9868,7 @@ example.com. NS ns2.example.net.
</p>
<div class="sect3" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
<a name="id2600269"></a>The <span><strong class="command">@</strong></span> (at-sign)</h4></div></div></div>
<a name="id2600276"></a>The <span><strong class="command">@</strong></span> (at-sign)</h4></div></div></div>
<p>
When used in the label (or name) field, the asperand or
at-sign (@) symbol represents the current origin.
......@@ -9863,7 +9879,7 @@ example.com. NS ns2.example.net.
</div>
<div class="sect3" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
<a name="id2600285"></a>The <span><strong class="command">$ORIGIN</strong></span> Directive</h4></div></div></div>
<a name="id2600292"></a>The <span><strong class="command">$ORIGIN</strong></span> Directive</h4></div></div></div>
<p>
Syntax: <span><strong class="command">$ORIGIN</strong></span>
<em class="replaceable"><code>domain-name</code></em>
......@@ -9892,7 +9908,7 @@ WWW.EXAMPLE.COM. CNAME MAIN-SERVER.EXAMPLE.COM.
</div>
<div class="sect3" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
<a name="id2600346"></a>The <span><strong class="command">$INCLUDE</strong></span> Directive</h4></div></div></div>
<a name="id2600353"></a>The <span><strong class="command">$INCLUDE</strong></span> Directive</h4></div></div></div>
<p>
Syntax: <span><strong class="command">$INCLUDE</strong></span>
<em class="replaceable"><code>filename</code></em>
......@@ -9928,7 +9944,7 @@ WWW.EXAMPLE.COM. CNAME MAIN-SERVER.EXAMPLE.COM.
</div>
<div class="sect3" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
<a name="id2600416"></a>The <span><strong class="command">$TTL</strong></span> Directive</h4></div></div></div>
<a name="id2600422"></a>The <span><strong class="command">$TTL</strong></span> Directive</h4></div></div></div>
<p>
Syntax: <span><strong class="command">$TTL</strong></span>
<em class="replaceable"><code>default-ttl</code></em>
......@@ -9947,7 +9963,7 @@ WWW.EXAMPLE.COM. CNAME MAIN-SERVER.EXAMPLE.COM.
</div>
<div class="sect2" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
<a name="id2600452"></a><acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> Master File Extension: the <span><strong class="command">$GENERATE</strong></span> Directive</h3></div></div></div>
<a name="id2600458"></a><acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> Master File Extension: the <span><strong class="command">$GENERATE</strong></span> Directive</h3></div></div></div>
<p>
Syntax: <span><strong class="command">$GENERATE</strong></span>
<em class="replaceable"><code>range</code></em>
......@@ -10389,7 +10405,7 @@ HOST-127.EXAMPLE. MX 0 .
</p>
<div class="sect3" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
<a name="id2601514"></a>Name Server Statistics Counters</h4></div></div></div>
<a name="id2601521"></a>Name Server Statistics Counters</h4></div></div></div>
<div class="informaltable"><table border="1">
<colgroup>
<col>
......@@ -10985,7 +11001,7 @@ HOST-127.EXAMPLE. MX 0 .
</div>
<div class="sect3" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
<a name="id2603083"></a>Zone Maintenance Statistics Counters</h4></div></div></div>
<a name="id2603090"></a>Zone Maintenance Statistics Counters</h4></div></div></div>
<div class="informaltable"><table border="1">
<colgroup>
<col>
......@@ -11139,7 +11155,7 @@ HOST-127.EXAMPLE. MX 0 .
</div>
<div class="sect3" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
<a name="id2603534"></a>Resolver Statistics Counters</h4></div></div></div>
<a name="id2603541"></a>Resolver Statistics Counters</h4></div></div></div>
<div class="informaltable"><table border="1">
<colgroup>
<col>
......@@ -11522,7 +11538,7 @@ HOST-127.EXAMPLE. MX 0 .
</div>
<div class="sect3" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
<a name="id2604556"></a>Socket I/O Statistics Counters</h4></div></div></div>
<a name="id2604563"></a>Socket I/O Statistics Counters</h4></div></div></div>
<p>
Socket I/O statistics counters are defined per socket
types, which are
......@@ -11677,7 +11693,7 @@ HOST-127.EXAMPLE. MX 0 .
</div>
<div class="sect3" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
<a name="id2605066"></a>Compatibility with <span class="emphasis"><em>BIND</em></span> 8 Counters</h4></div></div></div>